Chapter 14. Impact of Changes in Antibiotic Use Practices on Nosocomial Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance – Clostridium Difficile and Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE)
نویسنده
چکیده
As discussed in the chapters on handwashing and barrier precautions (Chapters 12 and 13), hospital infection control has historically focused on preventing the transmission of nosocomial pathogens—either from patient to patient or from provider to patient. The potential role of overseeing hospital-wide antibiotic use as an infection control measure has also been recognized for many years. With the widespread emergence of nosocomial antibiotic-resistant infections over the past 10-15 years, institutional efforts to control antibiotic use have become a priority for infection control. The practices reviewed in this chapter involve institutional efforts to control antibiotic use as a means of controlling complications of antibiotic overuse or misuse. In evaluating the potential benefits of these practices, the focus is on the impacts of antibiotic use on infections with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and Clostridium difficile. These pathogens represent two of the most important nosocomial pathogens with relationships to inappropriate antibiotic use. Moreover, as suggested by recent evidence, infection with C. difficile may represent a risk factor for infection with VRE.
منابع مشابه
Comparative Effectiveness of Vancomycin vs. Metronidazole in Mild Clostridium difficile Infections, and Potential Impact on Subsequent Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) Isolation
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